Advocacy Outcomes
Advocating for local and regional governments in the climate negotiations process
While the Local Governments and Municipal Authorities (LGMA) Constituency has represented local and regional governments at the processes under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) since the first Conference of Parties (COP) in 1995, it was at the Earth Summit in 1992 that nine stakeholder groups, including local authorities, were designated as essential partners in society for the implementation of global sustainability agenda. Here are some of the outcomes of the advocacy agenda for cities and regions in that time.
Download the COP26 Cover Decision under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
- “preamble – para.9: highlighting the urgent need for multilevel and cooperative action”
- “Adaptation – para.8: Urges Parties to further integrate adaptation into local, national and regional planning;”
- “Implementation – para 51: Encourages Parties to take an integrated approach to addressing the issues
referred to in paragraph 50 [biodiversity] above in national and local policy and planning decisions;” - “Collaboration – para.53: Recognizes the importance of international collaboration on innovative climate
action, including technological advancement, across all actors of society, sectors and regions, in contributing to
progress towards the objective of the Convention and the goals of the Paris Agreement;” - “Collaboration – para. 55: Recognizes the important role of non-Party stakeholders, including civil society,
indigenous peoples, local communities, youth, children, local and regional governments and other
stakeholders, in contributing to progress towards the objective of the Convention and the goals of the Paris
Agreement;” - “Collaboration – para. 56: Welcomes the improvement of the Marrakech Partnership for Global Climate Action
[with a link to the Improved MPGCA document as a footnote] for enhancing ambition, the leadership and
actions of the high-level champions, and the work of the secretariat on the Non-state Actor Zone for Climate
Action platform to support accountability and track progress of voluntary initiatives;” - “Collaboration – para. 64: Urges Parties and stakeholders to ensure meaningful youth participation and
representation in multilateral, national and local decision-making processes, including under the Convention
and the Paris Agreement;” - “Collaboration – para. 67: Expresses its recognition for the important role the observer organizations play,
including the nine non-governmental organization constituencies, in sharing their knowledge, and their calls to
see ambitious action to meet the objectives of the Convention and collaborating with Parties to that end;”
Paris Agreement CMA3 Cover Decision
Download the CMA3 Cover Decision under the Paris Agreement
- “preamble – para.9 : highlighting the urgent need for multilevel and cooperative action”
- “Adaptation – para.9: Urges Parties to further integrate adaptation into local, national and regional planning;”
- “Implementation – para.77: Encourages the high-level champions to support the effective participation of nonParty stakeholders in the global stocktake;”
- “Collaboration – para.53: Recognizes the importance of international collaboration on innovative climate
action, including technological advancement, across all actors of society, sectors and regions, in contributing to
progress towards the objective of the Convention and the goals of the Paris Agreement;”
“Collaboration – para. 89: Recognizes the important role of non-Party stakeholders, including civil society,
indigenous peoples, local communities, youth, children, local and regional governments and other
stakeholders, in contributing to progress towards the objective of the Convention and the goals of the Paris
Agreement;” - “Collaboration – para. 89: Welcomes the improvement of the Marrakech Partnership for Global Climate Action
[with a link to the Improved MPGCA document as a footnote] for enhancing ambition, the leadership and actions of the high-level champions, and the work of the secretariat on the Non-state Actor Zone for Climate
Action platform to support accountability and track progress of voluntary initiatives; - “Collaboration – para. 92: Urges Parties and stakeholders to ensure meaningful youth participation and
representation in multilateral, national and local decision-making processes, including under the Paris
Agreement;” - “Collaboration – para. 94: Expresses its recognition of the important role the observer organizations play,
including the nine non-governmental organization constituencies, in sharing their knowledge, and their calls to
see ambitious action to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement and in collaborating with Parties to that end”
Download the Paris Agreement Art.6.8 (Non-Market Approaches to Climate Finance)
- “para.a: Recognizes the importance of integrated, holistic and balanced non-market approaches to enable voluntary cooperation being available to Parties to assist in the implementation of their nationally determined contributions, in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, in a coordinated and effective manner;”
- “para.e: Encourages Parties, public and private sector stakeholders and civil society organizations to actively engage in the research, development and implementation of non-market approaches;”
- “Annex – para.8.a.i.b – Identifying measures for enhancing existing linkages, creating synergies and facilitating coordination and implementation of NMAs, including in the local, subnational, national and global context;”
- “Annex – para.8.b.ii.a – Replicate successful NMAs, including in the local, subnational, national and global context;”
- “Annex- para.8.iii.b. – Mapping the initiatives, programmes and projects at the local, subnational and national level, including those that support Parties in meeting the requirements for receiving support and provide capacity-building for the implementation of NMAs.”
Download the Glasgow Work Programme for Action for Climate Empowerment
- “Preamble para. 6: Reaffirming the key role that a broad range of stakeholders, such as national,
regional and local governments, educational and cultural institutions, museums, the private sector,
intergovernmental organizations, non-governmental organizations, international organizations,
decision makers, scientists, the media, teachers, youth, women and indigenous peoples, play in
ensuring Action for Climate Empowerment [education, training, public awareness, public
participation, public access to information and international cooperation on climate change],” - “Preamble para. 9: Recognizing the importance of taking a long-term, strategic and country-driven
approach to Action for Climate Empowerment at the local, national, regional and international level,
including strengthening support for local, national and regional institutional and sectoral expertise
and capacity for its implementation,” - “Annex – para.9.c: Inviting Parties and stakeholders to develop international, regional and national programmes and activities, including the preparation of training and education materials and tools, using local languages where applicable and practical.”
- “Annex – para.10.b: Strengthen in-country coordination and institutional arrangements at different levels to avoid duplication of efforts, promote knowledge-sharing, foster local networks and enhance collaboration among all stakeholders in relation to ACE implementation.”
- “Annex – para.11.b.ii: Facilitate partnerships & networking among Parties, intergovernmental organizations, NGOs, academia, the private sector, state & local governments & community-based organizations with the aim of jointly designing, implementing and evaluating ACE activities &policies”
- “Annex – para.12: At the national level, Parties are encouraged to determine the most efficient and cost-effective way to implement ACE activities, and to develop funding instruments at the national level, where appropriate, to support such activities, in particular at the subnational and local level.”
- “Annex – para.19: Parties and non-Party stakeholders are encouraged to collaborate on, promote, facilitate, develop and implement training programmes focused on climate change for groups with a key role in climate action, such as scientific, technical and managerial personnel, journalists, teachers and community leaders at the international, national, regional, subregional and local level, as appropriate. Technical skills and knowledge are required to adequately address and respond to climate change issues.”
- “Annex – para.26.c: Train government officials from different ministries and departments, including those working in local government, on how climate change relates to their respective areas of work with a view to strengthening institutional and technical capacity.”
- “Annex – para.28.e: Make national climate reports available in local languages for vulnerable communities, including people with special needs;
- “Annex – para.28.f: Improve public access to information on climate change at the national & local level using a range of methods &tools, taking into account the different ways particular communities, groups &individuals, including women & children & youth, may be impacted by climate change.”
- “Annex – para.29.e: Develop guidelines for enhancing public participation in climate change decision-making and the inclusion of children and youth, and for assisting local governments and the public in climate change decision-making.”
- “Annex – para.30.a: Seek to enhance cooperation and coordination in developing and implementing ACE activities at the international and regional level. This includes identifying partners and building networks with other Parties, intergovernmental organizations, NGOs, the private sector, provincial and local governments, and community-based organizations. Parties should also promote and facilitate the exchange of information and materials and the sharing of experience & good practices;
- “Annex – para.30.b: Promote and encourage regional programmes and projects developed by Parties, intergovernmental organizations, NGOs, the private sector, provincial and local governments, and community-based organizations that support the implementation of ACE and promote the sharing of experience, including through the dissemination of best practices and lessons learned and the exchange of information and data.”
Climate advocacy for local and regional governments
We need multilevel climate action to keep global warming to 1.5 degrees celsius and avoid the worst effects of climate change.
Cities play a decisive role in the global response to climate change. They are responsible for more than 70 percent of energy-related greenhouse gas emissions and are experiencing some of the worst effects of climate change. It is critical that national climate policy incorporates a strong urban component, and that all levels of government jointly shape, align and implement climate policy at all levels to harness the potential of our urban world.
Multilevel governance: A key component of national climate policy
Under the Paris Agreement, nations are expected to submit targets every five years, and to increase the level of ambition with each submission. With a multilevel governance approach, we can narrow the gap between current Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and the emissions reductions needed to achieve global targets.
We know from the IPCC Special Report on 1.5 Degrees that it is critical that we ratchet up global climate action as quickly as possible. By joining together and consolidating their commitments, all levels of government can progressively raise their commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to climate change. The ultimate aim is to make multilevel governance a mainstream part of climate action.